Journal of Educational Sciences > Volume 6, No. 1, 1994

The Effect of a Contextual Image Organizer and Its Verbal Equivalent Presented with Prose on Learning and Retention among University Students / Mohamed S.H. Al-Mashaikeh

The aim of this study was to determine whether a contextual image organizer and its verbal equivalent presented with prose passages can improve learning and retention among university students who have no prior knowledge of the subject.
The hypotheses of this study were:
There is a significant interaction at (P < .,.1)  between testing time , repeated factor,  and the independent factor , adjunct factor,  on delay test among university students.
There is a significant difference at (P < .,.1) between means of the study groups, on learning from a passage on immediate post-test among university students.
There is a significant difference at  (P < .,.1) between means of the study groups. on learning from a passage on immediate post-test among university students.
There is a significant difference at  (P < .,.1) between means of the study groups. on retention from a passage on delayed post-test among university students.
Eighty-four university students were randomly selected and evenly divided into four groups. Two of these groups were experimental and the other two were control.
MANOVA was used to test the extent of the interaction between testing time and independent factor. ANOVA was employed to test the differences between groups. and “post hoc Schaffee“ was used to test intergroup differences.